Armagh (Co. Armagh)
Ard Mhacha, 'Macha's height'
The name traditionally refers to Queen Macha ('of the golden hair') who founded Emain Macha (known formerly as Emania and now called Navan Fort) on the hill here some time in the third century B.C. The county name comes from that of the town.

Laois
This county name, formerly anglicised as Leix, means '(place of the people of) Lugaid Laígne', who was granted lands here after he had driven invading forces from Munster. From 1556 to 1920, Laois was called Queen's County, after Queen Mary.

Auburn (Westmeath)
Achadh na Gréine, 'field of the sunny place'
The original Irish name for the village was Lissoy, i.e. Lios Uaimhe, fort of the cave'.
The present name is from Oliver Goldsmith's poem 'The Deserted Village' (1770), about the depopulation of rural areas, with its opening line:
'Sweet Auburn! Loveliest village of the plain'.
Goldsmith spent much of his childhood at Lissoy, and his 'sweet Auburn' cameto be identified with it. He is beleved to have taken the name from Aubrun, near Bridliiington, East Yorkshire, a coastal village that had been almost entirely washed away by the sea (and so 'deserted') as early as 1831. (Its name is nothing to do with the colour auburn, but means 'eel stream'.)

Shane's Castle (Antrim)
This is the better known name of the castle of Edenduffcarrick. It derives from Shane O'Neill, who built it in the 16th century. He was the grandfather of Rose O'Neill, who named Randalstown. The name Edenduffcarrick (Éadan Duibh Charraige)means 'hilltop of (the) black rock'.